身軽に生きよう!サイクルライフ!
TOP画像を見てください。ここはモスクワ。
ここは３年前交通渋滞でマヒしてばかりいた４車線があったところです。
２万３千人のサイクリストたちが『自転車にみんなで乗ろうぜ！』というパレードをしているところです。
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この効果はてきめんで、モスクワ市の交通課はこれからなんと７００kmにもおよぶサイクリングレーンを作る計画を発表したとのことです。
一方デンマークのコペンハーゲンではグリーンウェイブと呼ばれるサイクルライフのアイデアが２００８年ごろから実施され、車による交通渋滞がはるかに減ったということです。
コペンハーゲンのサイクリスト用のサイン
コペンハーゲンでは信号システムにユニークな名案が仕掛けられています。毎日３万人もの人々が利用するコペンハーゲン市内の自転車専用道路においてもし毎時２０kmのスピードで走行すると、区間内一度も赤信号にぶつかって停止することがないという素晴らしいシステムなのです。
整備された自転車道路はもちろんのこと、この画期的な信号システムのアイデアでサイクルライフが快適なものになりました。
すぐさまこの構想はアムステルダムにも広がり、つづいてオーストリアのウィーンや英国など世界各国にひろがっているそうです。
いまや世界中に広がるこの自転車ブーム、どこが始めたと思いますか？
それはオランダのグローニンゲンなのです。
グローニンゲンはオランダの北部にある大学都市です。ここでは住民１人当たりの自転車の台数が1.4台、一家あたり3.1台なんだそうです。
これはかなりの高い比率ですよ！
車に乗るのはもはやヘビーライフを好む人ばかり。
目的地に着くのに自転車が一番早い、次が電車、車は一番のろい、とこの街の人は思っています。
住民は皆、自転車の便利さを知っているのです。
そのうえその手軽さ、身のこなしの柔軟さに街中でサイクルライフ！
を楽しんでいるのです。
街中の信号機には自転車に対するセンサーがつけられ、雨の日は自転車が優先して信号を渡れるようになっています。
自転車専用道路にはヒーターが取り付けられていて凍結によるスリップを防いでいます。
グローニンゲンの自転車の歴史は１９６０年代に遡ります。
この一人の２４歳の若者の発想力と行動力で今のグローニンゲンの自転車環境があるのです。
マックスヴァンデンベルグはその頃、新進の政治家で交通担当でした。６０年代から急激に市街地に溢れ返った車の問題を、『道路を増やす』ことではなく、逆に『車を市街地から外に追い出す』という、当時の車ブームのなかで全く真逆の発想で対処しました。
その結果古い歴史的な街並は道路のために壊されること無く、しかも市街をサイクリストと歩行者の快適な移動のために縦横無尽に自転車と歩行者用の道路を作りました。このような都市計画はそのころは前代未聞で革命的でした。
「私は昔から人々が親しんだ街の風景や森を壊したくなかったのです。それらには手を付けず、人々がますます楽しく楽しめるような工夫を思いつきました。車がぶんぶん勢いよく走るような通りよりも歩行者や自転車や公共機関を優先に考えたかった結果ですね。」とマックスヴァンデンベルグは当時を振り返って語っています。
＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊
そのころから何十年経った今もグローニンゲンの市は『まだサイクルライフには完璧に快適な環境ではない！』と点検を怠らず、毎年改良が加えられているということです。
・http://www.copenhagenize.com/2008/10/green-wave-spreads.html
・https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_wave
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